编者按：习总书记提出共谋全球生态文明建设，要深度参与全球环境治理，增强我国在全球环境治理体系中的话语权和影响力，积极引导国际秩序变革方向，形成世界环境保护和可持续发展的解决方案。本文件是CBD针对之前意见的汇总的基础讨论文件。为响应中央精神，积极为即将在中国召开的CBD COP15做贡献，中国绿发会现特将此通知的内容翻译成中文发布，以推动更多中国的利益相关方、研究人员、企业等关注和积极参与。本文译文基于机器译文，仅供参考，具体请以英文为准。（另附绿会小编注：） 

(1) 从这份讨论稿显示“总共收到95份意见书，其中21份来自缔约方”——这95份意见书中有3份来自中国绿发会。笔者注意到，绿会提出的不少建议已体现在本讨论稿中。这也是绿会关于社会组织如何足不出户地“走出去”、积极参与全球环境治理的一个较为成功的探索。

(2) CBD COP15将在中国哪个城市召开？目前笔者了解的信息是北京。也就是说，即将产生的联合国十年生物多样性目标（2021-2030）或将被简称为“北京目标”。但是，笔者认为，北京已经是闻名国际的大都市，这种象征性名头多一个不增太多色，少一个也不减太多色。2010年在日本爱知县举办的《生物多样性公约》(CBD)第十次缔约方大会(CoP10)通过了《2011-2020年生物多样性战略计划》，后来被称为“爱知目标”，给之前名不见经传的小小爱知县随之带来了国际声誉。

比起北京，笔者认为中国其他城市来办或更有意义，如诞生一个以联合国十年目标来命名的“雄安目标”。（2017年4月初中央宣布建立雄安新区，绿会立即启动了“雄安新区生物多样性快速调查”；2017年5月11日周晋峰秘书长一行专程去雄安新区拜访并就此与有关同志座谈，建议其积极申请在那里办COP15。可惜此事没有收到后续反馈）

 (3) 文件2.3.b中提到：“敦促各缔约方和利益攸关方积极参与并为制定一个健全的2020年后全球生物多样性框架的进程作出贡献，促进关于2020年后全球生物多样性框架的对话，并为制定2020年后全球生物多样性框架的进程提供及时的财政捐助和其他支助，包括提议主办关于这一问题的全球、区域、部门或专题磋商；”——中国绿发会已经在行动。今年绿会将举办的“生态文明与2020后联合国生物多样性框架”为主题的2019中国生物多样性保护与绿色发展国际论坛（CIBCSD），是“全球磋商”；我们和非洲伙伴计划将于今年开展的行动是“中非磋商”；我们将于3月初举办的“粮食与农业植物遗传资源保护与惠益分享暨2020后农业生物多样性讨论会”，是专题磋商。

(4) 本文高调提及两个关系：

- 2020后生物多样性目标与爱知目标是什么关系？

- 2020后生物多样性目标与SDGs是什么关系？

“爱知目标”与“2020后生物多样性框架”应该是什么逻辑关系？如果读者仔细看原文，就发现各方对于“爱知目标”的评价是各不相同的。有的建议2020应该以爱知目标为基础和讨论的起点；有的则不以为然。“雄心勃勃”是本文件高频词汇。为何？因为很多人觉得爱知目标太soft了。前不久，笔者跟前濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约（CITES）秘书长讨论过：为什么CITES被认为是最成功的生多国际公约，而CBD则不然？有一番很有意思的讨论。我的一个感想是，如果什么都想做，那么可能什么都难做成。

联合国每15年出一个框架。如果你仔细比较一下“千年发展目标”MDGs（2010-2015）和“可持续发展目标”SDGs（2016-2030），会发现后者体现了更多自下而上的内容（这里我们要特别赞赏一下联合国前副秘书长吴洪波先生对SDGs做出了巨大的贡献）。MDGs是一种绿室谈判式的、自上而下的出来的一个指标体系，主要针对发展中国家；SDGs是一个多元/多方/多个利益相关方作出来的指标体系，自下而上，其指标体系组成更为复杂。

从大趋势上说，如今的全球环境治理已不再是“绿室谈判”时代。而同样2021-2030生物多样性新十年目标的出台，也将是这种时代潮流的产物。这就要求我们各方更积极的参与，尤其是民间参与。笔者个人认为，中国政府作为CBD COP15的主办方，或不适合发表太多立场声音；那么，我们民间就应该参与。而上次征求Post-2020 Biodiversity Framework的工作中，细心读者会发现，中国只有5-6份意见书：除了政府之外，只有国合会有提交意见，另外就是中国绿发会的3份。笔者认为，这种现象是不正常的。我国研究“社会组织走出去”的同志们，也请不要总是聚焦于迈出国界线、动辄需大笔银子买机票的“走出去”，要真正贯彻习总倡导的“创新”精神，更多的关注“足不出户的走出去”的研究（结果导向、绩效导向），这其中中国广大社会组织大有可为。

(5) 在4.24提出了审查机制的问题。实际上Balakrishna Pisupati在这个问题上给了很好的建议，参见绿会之前发布的文章《大数据、区块链与人工智能：自然保护的新未来 | Balakrishna Pisupati建言2020后生物多样性保护》, 通过新技术来完整且全面的反映各国落地行动。这是一个“量子丛林打猎”的时代。同样，本文英文原文约10,000字，若不是AI翻译协助，笔者哪儿有时间和精力去逐字笔译、并拿来大家分享？！

(6) 请注意该文件对新的生物多样性目标用了一个新概念：“SMART” biodiversity targets (Specific, Measurable, Ambitious, Realistic and Time-bound首字母缩写)，亦即它需要具备以下特点：具体、可测量、雄心勃勃、现实和有时限的。

(7) 本文对于不同国际公约/条约的“协同增效”的问题多有阐述，其中还特别提到了FAO进程。实际上，2020后生物多样性框架中CBD如何与ITPGRFA等公约协同增效，也是非常重要的一个问题。近日中国绿发会将共同主办一个有关讨论会，就2020后生物多样性框架的农业生物多样性保护进行探讨。欢迎关注中国绿发会微信ChinaGreenExpress。

(8) 文件第二段提到“一些缔约方和观察员提交了不止一次”。笔者1月底注意到2019年1月23日中国政府交了一份新的材料，里面涉及到N%理论（“为进一步调动实施框架的积极性，可以以“共同贡献+国家自主贡献”的形式设计目标，以保证实现某些目标的前提条件，并允许公约各缔约方和其他利益攸关方根据自身能力作出自己的贡献。例如，全球保护区的目标区域可以设定为N%；各缔约方和其他利益攸关方可以通过结盟或采取行动将这一比例从N%提高到X%”）。

(9) 中国绿发会秘书长周晋峰指出：2050生物多样性远景目标是“人与自然的和谐共处”，这与生态文明非常契合。凸显了生态文明的核心思想、标志性的内容，也是这个时代最重要的核心——人要与自然和谐共存。期待学界对这方面更充分的研究。

编者按/绿会Linda 核/花花 编/Angel

ORIGINAL: ENGLISH

原件：英文

PREPARATIONS FOR THE POST-2020 BIODIVERSITY FRAMEWORK

2020年后生物多样性框架的筹备工作

（以下全文约15,000字，请耐心哦！）

POST-2020 GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY FRAMEWORK: DISCUSSION PAPER

2020年后全球生物多样性框架：讨论文件

I. BACKGROUND

一、背景

1. In decision 14/34, the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity adopted a comprehensive and participatory process for the preparation of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework. The process requires that an initial discussion document summarizing and analysing the initial views of Parties and observers be made available in January 2019. Accordingly, the present document has been prepared, with the guidance of the co-chairs of the Open-ended Intersessional Working Group to Support the Preparation of the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, to support the ongoing consultation process. This initial discussion document will be further developed in an iterative manner, drawing on the subsequent comments on it by Parties, observers and stakeholders, and various consultations, inputs and review processes.

1. 在第14/34号决议中，《生物多样性公约》缔约方会议通过了一个全面和参与性的进程，以编制2020年后全球生物多样性框架。该进程要求在2019年1月提供一份初步讨论文件，概述和分析缔约方和观察员的初步意见。因此，本文件是在不限成员名额闭会期间工作组联席主席的指导下编制的，以支持编制2020年后全球生物多样性框架，以支持正在进行的协商进程。本初步讨论文件将根据缔约方、观察员和利益攸关方随后对其提出的意见，以及各种协商、输入和审查过程，以迭代的方式进一步编写。

2. The present document draws upon relevant decisions and recommendations adopted by the Conference of the Parties to the Convention and its Protocols as well as its subsidiary bodies, which are summarized in section II below, and the submissions made in response to recommendation 2/19 of the Subsidiary Body on Implementation, which are summarized in section III. A total of 95 submissions were received, of which 21 were from Parties. Some Parties and observers submitted more than once, and some submissions were on behalf of multiple Parties and/or stakeholders.[注1] It also presents, in section IV, a set of discussion questions which Parties and observers may wish to consider when providing further views on the scope and content of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework. The questions are not intended to be limiting or to prejudge the outcomes of the process for developing the post-2020 global biodiversity framework but, rather, to facilitate the submission of further views and perspectives as well as discussions.

2。本文件借鉴了《公约》缔约方会议及其议定书及其附属机构通过的有关决议和建议（见下文第二节），以及根据附属机构关于执行情况的建议2/19提交的文件（见下文第三部分）。总共收到95份意见书，其中21份来自缔约方。一些缔约方和观察员提交了不止一次[译者注2]，一些提交的文件代表了多个缔约方和/或利益攸关方。[注1] 在第四节中，它还提出了一系列讨论问题，缔约方和观察员在就2020年后全球生物多样性框架的范围和内容提供进一步意见时可能希望考虑这些问题。这些问题的目的不是限制或预先判断2020年后全球生物多样性框架制定进程的成果，而是促进提交进一步的观点和观点以及讨论。

[注1] A more comprehensive synthesis of views is provided in a supplementary document (CBD/POST2020/1/INF/1).

注释1：CBD官网上的一份补充文件（编号为CBD/2020/1/INF/1）提供了更全面的综合意见。

II. RELEVANT DECISIONS

二、相关决议

3. Decision 14/34 sets out the process for developing the post-2020 global biodiversity framework, including the role of the intersessional meetings of the Convention’s subsidiary bodies, including the Open-ended Intersessional Working group on the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework (hereafter “Working Group on Post-2020”), which is co-chaired by Mr. Francis Ogwal (Uganda) and Mr. Basile van Havre (Canada), and informal consultations. Parties and a wide range of stakeholders are encouraged to actively engage in the process. The decision also establishes a set of principles (participatory, inclusive, gender responsive, transformative, comprehensive, catalytic, visible, knowledge-based, transparent, efficient, results-oriented, iterative and flexible) to guide the process. Further, decision 14/34:

3. 第14/34号决议规定了制定2020年后全球生物多样性框架的进程，包括《公约》各附属机构的闭会期间会议的作用，包括不限成员名额的2020年后全球生物多样性框架闭会期间工作组（以下简称“2020年后工作组”），该工作组是共同工作组。由Francis Ogwal先生（乌干达）和Basile van Havre先生（加拿大）主持，并进行非正式协商。鼓励各缔约方和广泛的利益攸关方积极参与这一进程。该决议还确立了一套原则（参与性原则、包容性原则、性别敏感、变革性、综合性、催化性、可视性、基于知识、透明性、高效性、结果导向性、迭代性和灵活性）指导过程。此外，第14/34号决议：

(a) Provides that the post-2020 framework should be accompanied by an inspirational and motivating 2030 mission as a stepping stone towards the 2050 Vision “Living in harmony with nature”, and that it should be supported by a coherent, comprehensive and innovative communication strategy;

（a）规定2020年后框架应伴随一项鼓舞人心和激励性的2030年使命，作为实现2050年“与自然和谐相处”愿景的垫脚石，并应以连贯、全面和创新的传播战略为支持；

(b) Urges Parties and stakeholders, to actively engage and contribute to the process of developing a robust post-2020 global biodiversity framework, to facilitate dialogues on the post-2020 global biodiversity framework and to provide timely financial contributions and other support to the process for developing the post-2020 global biodiversity framework, including by offering to host global, regional, sectoral, or thematic consultations on this issue;

（b）敦促各缔约方和利益攸关方积极参与并为制定一个健全的2020年后全球生物多样性框架的进程作出贡献，促进关于2020年后全球生物多样性框架的对话，并为制定2020年后全球生物多样性框架的进程提供及时的财政捐助和其他支助。框架工作，包括提议主办关于这一问题的全球、区域、部门或专题磋商；

(c) Invites Parties and stakeholders when organizing meetings and consultations relevant to biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services, to consider dedicated sessions or space to facilitate discussions on the development of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework;

（c）邀请各缔约方和利益攸关方在组织与生物多样性和生态系统功能和服务有关的会议和协商时，考虑专门的会议或空间，以便就2020年后全球生物多样性框架的制定进行讨论；

(d) Invites Parties and other Governments to consider developing, as appropriate to the national context, individually or jointly, and on a voluntary basis, biodiversity commitments which, among other things contribute to an effective post-2020 global biodiversity framework;

（d）邀请各缔约方和其他国家政府考虑酌情单独或共同自愿地制定生物多样性承诺，除其他外，这些承诺有助于建立一个有效的2020年后全球生物多样性框架；

(e) Encourages indigenous peoples and local communities and all relevant organizations and stakeholders to consider developing, prior to the fifteenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties, biodiversity commitments that may contribute to the achievement of the three objectives of the Convention, strengthen national biodiversity strategies and action plans (NBSAPs), facilitate the achievement of the Aichi Biodiversity Targets and contribute to an effective post-2020 global biodiversity framework and to make such information available as a contribution to the Sharm El-Sheikh to Beijing Action Agenda for Nature and People;

（e）鼓励土著人民和当地社区以及所有相关组织和利益攸关方在缔约方大会第十五次会议之前，考虑制定可能有助于实现《公约》三个目标的生物多样性承诺，加强国家生物多样性战略以及行动计划（NBSAPS），促进实现爱知生物多样性目标，为2020年后有效的全球生物多样性框架作出贡献，并提供这些信息，作为对沙姆沙伊赫对北京自然和人民行动议程的贡献；

(f) Sets out that the process will be gender-responsive by systematically integrating a gender perspective and ensuring appropriate representation, particularly of women and girls, in the process (in addition, the Conference of the Parties, in decision 14/18, specifically requested the Executive Secretary to include discussions on the linkages between gender and biodiversity, and the lessons learned from implementation of the 2015-2020 Gender Plan of Action within the regional consultations);

（f）规定该进程将通过系统地整合性别观点并确保在该进程中，特别是妇女和女童的适当代表性，对性别问题作出反应。（此外，缔约方会议在第14/18号决议中，具体请执行秘书在区域协商中讨论性别与生物多样性之间的联系，以及从实施2015-2020年性别行动计划中吸取的经验教训）；

(g) Notes decision 14/20 on digital sequence information on genetic resources.

（g）注意到关于遗传资源数字序列信息的第14/20号决议。

4. Complementary decisions were adopted by the Parties to the Cartagena and Nagoya Protocols to the Convention:

4. 卡塔赫纳和名古屋议定书缔约方通过了补充决议：

(a) Decision CP-9/7 of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety stresses that biosafety should be reflected in the post-2020 global biodiversity framework and sets out steps towards the preparation of the biosafety component of the post-2020 framework. The decision also sets out a process for developing a specific Implementation Plan for the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety as a follow-up to the Strategic Plan for the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety for the period 2011-2020;

作为卡塔赫纳生物安全议定书缔约方会议的缔约方大会第（a）CP-9/7号决议强调，生物安全应反映在2020年后的全球生物多样性框架中，并规定了制定2020年后框架生物安全组成部分的步骤。该决议还规定了制定《卡塔赫纳生物安全议定书》具体执行计划的进程，作为《卡塔赫纳生物安全议定书2011-2020年战略计划》的后续行动；

(b) Decision NP-3/15 of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Nagoya Protocol welcomes decision 14/34 of the Conference of the Parties and invites Parties to the Protocol to participate in the process for developing the post-2020 global biodiversity framework. It also encourages Parties to undertake measures to enhance the implementation of the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-Sharing, in the context of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework and requests that the Compliance Committee at its next meeting consider how to support and promote compliance with the Nagoya Protocol within the post-2020 global biodiversity framework.

（b）《名古屋议定书》的决议：作为名古屋议定书缔约方会议的缔约方大会NP-第3/15号决议欢迎缔约方大会第14/34号的决议，并邀请议定书缔约方参与制定2020年后全球生物多样性框架的进程。它还鼓励各缔约方在2020年后全球生物多样性框架内采取措施，加强《名古屋准入和利益分享议定书》的执行，并要求遵约委员会在下次会议上考虑如何在2020年后全球生物多样性框架下，支持并促进《名古屋议定书》。

5. Further, decisions of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention contain provisions relevant to the development of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework. These include the following:

5. 此外，《生物多样性公约》缔约方会议的决议载有与制定2020年后全球生物多样性框架有关的规定。其中包括以下内容：

(a) Decision 14/34 requests the Ad Hoc Open-ended Working Group on Article 8(j) and Related Provisions to provide recommendations concerning the potential role of traditional knowledge, customary sustainable use and the contribution of the collective actions of indigenous peoples and local communities to the post-2020 global biodiversity framework, in support of the work of the open-ended intersessional working group;

（a）第14/34号决议请关于第8（j）条和相关规定的不限成员名额特设工作组就传统知识的潜在作用、习惯性可持续利用以及土著人民和当地社区集体行动对2020年后全球生物多样性框架的贡献提出建议，以支持不限成员名额闭会期间工作组的工作；

(b) Decision 14/20 establishes a science- and policy-based process on digital sequence information on genetic resources with an extended Ad Hoc Technical Expert Group. The Working Group on Post-2020 is to consider the outcomes of the Ad Hoc Technical Expert Group and make recommendations on how to address digital sequence information on genetic resources in the context of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework;

（b）第14/20号决议与一个扩大的特设技术专家组建立了一个基于遗传资源数字序列信息的科学和政策进程。2020年后工作组将审议特设技术专家组的成果，并就如何在2020年后全球生物多样性框架内处理有关遗传资源的数字序列信息提出建议；

(c) Decision 14/22 affirms that resource mobilization will be an integral part of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework and initiates preparations on this component at an early stage in the process of developing the framework, in full coherence and coordination with the overall process for the post-2020 framework. The process for considering this issue requests the Executive Secretary to contract a panel of experts to prepare reports on several issues related to the Strategy for Resource Mobilization to help inform the work of the Working Group on Post-2020 and the Conference of the Parties;

（c）第14/22号决议确认，资源调动将是2020年后全球生物多样性框架的一个内在组成部分，并在框架制定过程的早期阶段，与2020年后框架的总体进程充分一致和协调，启动这一组成部分的筹备工作。审议这一问题的进程请执行秘书委出一个专家小组，就与资源调动战略有关的若干问题编写报告，以帮助通报2020年后工作组和缔约方会议的工作；

(d) Decision 14/23 welcomes the successful conclusion of the seventh replenishment of the Global Environment Facility Trust Fund, and expresses appreciation for the continuing financial support from Parties and Governments for carrying out the tasks under the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 in its remaining years, and for supporting the implementation of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework in its first two years;

（d）第14/23号决议欢迎第七次补充全球环境基金信托基金的成功结束，并赞赏各缔约方和各国政府继续提供财政支持，在其剩余年份执行《2011-2020年生物多样性战略计划》项下的任务，并支持前两年实施2020年后全球生物多样性框架；

(e) Decision 14/24 requests the Executive Secretary to organize regional and stakeholder-specific consultative workshops and online discussion forums, in conjunction with the preparatory process for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework, to contribute to the preparation of the draft long-term strategic framework for capacity-building beyond 2020 and to submit a draft for consideration by the Subsidiary Body on Implementation at its third meeting;

（e）第14/24号决议请执行秘书结合2020年后全球生物多样性框架的筹备进程，组织区域和利益攸关方具体协商讲习班和在线讨论论坛，协助拟订《超越全球生物多样性框架的能力建设长期战略框架草案》。2020年，并提交一份草案供附属机构第三次会议审议执行情况；

(f) Decision 14/3 establishes an Informal Advisory Group on Mainstreaming of Biodiversity, to advise the Executive Secretary and the Bureau on further development of the proposal for a long-term approach to mainstreaming biodiversity including on ways to integrate mainstreaming adequately into the post-2020 global biodiversity framework, to be submitted to the Subsidiary Body on Implementation for consideration at its third meeting;

（f）第14/3号决议设立了一个生物多样性主流化非正式咨询小组，就进一步制定生物多样性主流化长期方法的建议，包括如何将主流化充分纳入2020年后的全球生物多样性框架，向执行秘书和主席团提供咨询意见，将其分为以下几个部分：向附属机构提交关于执行情况的报告，供其第三次会议审议；

(g) Decision 14/30 of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity requested the organization of a workshop to facilitate discussions among Parties of the various biodiversity-related conventions to explore ways in which the conventions can contribute to the elaboration of the framework and identify specific elements that could be included in the framework;

（g）《生物多样性公约》缔约方会议第14/30号决议请组织一个讲习班，以便利各种与生物多样性有关的公约缔约方之间的讨论，以探讨这些公约如何有助于拟订框架，并确定具体的要素。T可以包括在框架中；

(h) Decision 14/1 requests the Executive Secretary to use the regional assessments on biodiversity and ecosystem services and other outputs of the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in the preparation of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework under the Convention;

（h）第14/1号决议请执行秘书利用生物多样性和生态系统服务区域评估以及生物多样性和生态系统服务政府间平台的其他产出，根据《公约》编制2020年后全球生物多样性框架；

6. In addition decision 14/2 of the Conference of the Parties welcomed the conclusions of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice regarding scenarios for the 2050 Vision for Biodiversity and noted their relevance to the discussions on the long-term strategic directions to the 2050 Vision for Biodiversity, approaches to living in harmony with nature and the process of developing a post-2020 global biodiversity framework. Among these conclusions are the following:

6。此外，缔约方会议第14/2号决议欢迎附属机构就2050年生物多样性远景设想的科学、技术和技术咨询的结论，并注意到这些结论与讨论2050年生物多样性远景设想的长期战略方向、生物多样性发展的方法、生物多样性发展的方法等有关。与自然和谐相处，并制定2020年后全球生物多样性框架。这些结论包括：

(a) The 2050 Vision of the Strategic Plan remains relevant and should be considered in any follow-up to the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020. The 2050 Vision contains elements that could be translated into a long-term goal for biodiversity and provide context for discussions on possible biodiversity targets for 2030 as part of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework;

（a）战略计划的2050年愿景仍然是相关的，应在2011-2020年生物多样性战略计划的任何后续行动中予以考虑。2050年的愿景包含了可以转化为生物多样性长期目标的要素，并为讨论2020年后全球生物多样性框架中2030年可能的生物多样性目标提供了背景；

(b) The pathways towards a sustainable future, while plausible, require transformational change (…) Further work is required to identify ways and means by which the Convention and the post-2020 global biodiversity framework can leverage such change.

（b）通往可持续未来的途径虽然可能，但需要变革（……）需要进一步的工作，以确定《公约》和2020年后全球生物多样性框架能够利用这种变革的方式和手段。

7. Finally, other decisions highlight issues to be considered in the post-2020 framework: the linkages between biodiversity and climate change (decision 14/5); the conservation and sustainable use of wild and managed pollinators (decision 14/6); knowledge management under the Convention and its Protocols (decision 14/25); process for aligning national reporting under the Convention and its Protocols (decision 14/27); and evaluation of the effectiveness of policy measures (decision 14/28).

7,. 最后，其他决议强调了2020年后框架中要考虑的问题：生物多样性与气候变化之间的联系（第14/5号决议）；野生和管理授粉者的保护和可持续利用（第14/6号决议）；公约及其议定书下的知识管理（第14/25号决议）；国家协调进程l根据《公约》及其议定书进行报告（第14/27号决议）；并评价政策措施的有效性（第14/28号决议）。

III. SUMMARY OF THE SYNTHESIS OF SUBMISSIONS

三、提交材料综合综述

8. The submissions received on the scope and content of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework, synthesized in an information note (CBD/POST2020/1/INF/1), address a number of general themes. Below is a summary of the synthesis.

8.收到的关于2020年后全球生物多样性框架的范围和内容的意见书综合在一份信息说明（CBD/2020年后/1/INF/1）中，阐述了一些一般主题。下面是合成的摘要。

9. Many of the submissions received to date have focused on general issues or concepts. An exception to this general trend is the issue of biodiversity targets, as numerous suggestions on the possible wording for new targets have been made. On the basis of the submissions to date, the following general issues can be identified:

9.迄今为止收到的许多提交文件都集中在一般问题或概念上。这一总体趋势的一个例外是生物多样性目标问题，因为对新目标的可能措辞提出了许多建议。根据迄今为止提交的资料，可确定以下一般问题：

(a) The post-2020 global biodiversity framework needs to be commensurate with the challenges of fostering the transformational change required to address biodiversity loss and achieve the 2050 Vision;

（a）2020年后全球生物多样性框架需要与促进应对生物多样性丧失和实现2050年远景所需的转型变化的挑战相称；

(b) The post-2020 global biodiversity framework should serve as a universal framework for action on biodiversity;

（b）2020年后全球生物多样性框架应作为生物多样性行动的普遍框架；

(c) The post-2020 global biodiversity framework should serve to raise the profile of current biodiversity challenge, engage attention at a high political level and mobilize action from all stakeholders;

（c）2020年后的全球生物多样性框架应当有助于提高当前生物多样性挑战的概况，在高政治层面引起关注，并动员所有利益攸关方采取行动；

(d) The post-2020 global biodiversity framework should not be less ambitious than the current Strategic Plan for Biodiversity, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development or any other biodiversity-related plan or framework adopted under a multilateral environmental agreement;

（d）2020年后全球生物多样性框架的雄心不应低于目前的生物多样性战略计划、2030年可持续发展议程或根据多边环境协定通过的任何其他生物多样性相关计划或框架；

(e) The post-2020 global biodiversity framework should build on the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020. Many have suggested that this should be the starting point for discussions. However, there have also been suggestions to bring in new elements which would significantly expand the scope of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework in comparison with its predecessors. Conversely, some submissions have cautioned against expanding the scope of the framework;

（e）2020年后全球生物多样性框架应以《2011-2020年生物多样性战略计划》为基础。许多人建议这应该是讨论的起点。然而，也有人建议引入新的要素，这将大大扩大2020年后全球生物多样性框架的范围，与前一个十年目标（即爱知目标）相比。相反，一些提交文件警告不要扩大框架的范围；

(f) The post-2020 global biodiversity framework should link to and support, in a coherent and synergistic manner, other frameworks and processes which have a direct bearing on biodiversity, in particular the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, and other relevant processes adopted under the biodiversity-related conventions;

（f）2020年后全球生物多样性框架应以连贯和协同的方式与其他直接关系到生物多样性的框架和进程，特别是2030年可持续发展议程、《巴黎气候变化协定》，以及根据生物多样性相关的国际公约通过的其他相关进程；[编者注：此处其实就是说的不同的关于“生物多样性”的诸多国际公约的协同增效的问题。因为2020后生物多样性框架应该是一个全球框架，而非CBD一家的框架。编者此前就留意到，国合会（CCICED）和IUCN提交的意见中都有这个内容]

(g) The post-2020 global biodiversity framework needs to address the three objectives of the Convention in a balanced way and reflect issues related to access and benefit-sharing and biosafety;

（g）2020年后全球生物多样性框架需要以平衡的方式解决《公约》的三个目标，并反映与获取、利益分享和生物安全有关的问题；

(h) The different elements of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework should be linked through a conceptual framework. Some have suggested that this should be based on the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity while others have suggested alternative approaches, including a pyramid approach withlayers of objectives, actions and targets in support of an “apex goal” and combinations of outcome and output targets;

（h）2020年后全球生物多样性框架的不同要素应通过概念框架联系起来。一些人建议，这应以生物多样性战略计划为基础，而另一些人则建议其他方法，包括金字塔方法支持“顶点目标”的目标、行动和目标层次，以及结果和产出目标的组合；

(i) The 2050 Vision of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 of “Living in Harmony with Nature by 2050” remains relevant and should be a part of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework. Many have noted the need to better articulate what this Vision means in concrete terms and various possible interpretations have been presented;

（i）“到2050年实现与自然的和谐相处”的2011-2020年生物多样性战略计划，与2050年远景仍然是相关的，应成为2020年后全球生物多样性框架的一部分。许多人注意到需要更好地阐明这一愿景的具体含义，并提出了各种可能的解释；

(j) The post-2020 global biodiversity framework should contain targets which are specific, measurable, ambitious, realistic and time-bound. These targets should be knowledge-based, including on scientific and traditional knowledge, address both desired outcomes and processes, be easy to communicate and be designed to galvanize action across society. There is support for using the Aichi Biodiversity Target as a starting point for discussing future targets. Some expressed the view that changes to the Aichi Targets should be kept limited. Others suggested more comprehensive changes, and numerous suggestions for additional or revised targets have been proposed;

（j）2020年后全球生物多样性框架应包含具体、可衡量、雄心勃勃、现实和有时限的目标。这些目标应以知识为基础，包括以科学和传统知识为基础，兼顾预期的结果和过程，易于沟通，旨在激励整个社会的行动。有人支持将爱知生物多样性目标作为讨论未来目标的起点。一些人表示，应限制爱知目标的变化。其他人提出了更全面的变化，并提出了许多关于附加或修订目标的建议；

(k) It has been suggested that the number of biodiversity targets should be limited to 20. However, given the ideas expressed for new targets, it appears that some would like to increase the number of targets. Conversely, there has also been a suggestion to limit the number of targets. Some have suggested using a nested target approach or developing sub-targets. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development has been suggested as a useful model in this respect;

（k）建议生物多样性目标的数量应限制在20个。然而，考虑到新目标表达的想法，似乎有些人希望增加目标数量。相反，也有人建议限制目标数量。有些人建议使用嵌套目标方法或开发子目标。《2030年可持续发展议程》被建议作为这方面的一个有用的模式；

(l) Indicators, building on those identified for the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020, should be identified and developed in parallel to the development of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework;

（l）应在制定2020年后全球生物多样性框架的同时，确定和制定基于2011-2020年生物多样性战略计划确定的指标；

(m) The post-2020 global biodiversity framework should foster strong ownership and support concrete actions and contributions for its immediate implementation by Parties, other Governments, subnational and local governments, and cities, as well as indigenous peoples and local communities, relevant international organizations, civil society organizations, women’s and youth organizations, the private and financial sectors and other stakeholders;

（m）2020年后全球生物多样性框架应促进强有力的所有权，支持缔约方、其他政府、次国家和地方政府、城市、土著人民和当地社区、相关国际组织、民间社会组织立即实施的具体行动和贡献。行动、妇女和青年组织、私营和金融部门以及其他利益攸关方；

(n) The NBSAPs should continue to be the main instrument for implementing the convention and the post-2020 global biodiversity framework. However, these need to be strengthened;

（n）国家生物多样性保护局应继续作为实施《生物多样性公约》和2020年后全球生物多样性框架的主要工具。然而，这些需要加强；

(o) The post-2020 global biodiversity framework should have a focus on implementation and have an effective process for monitoring and an effective review process to improve transparency and accountability. However, the specifics for accomplishing this beyond the established national reporting and voluntary peer-review process need to be determined. The establishment of a “ratcheting-up” mechanism and a compliance process was suggested. Similarly, the need to regularly review progress in implementation, possibly every two or five years, was raised;

（o）2020年后全球生物多样性框架应注重实施，并有一个有效的监测过程和一个有效的审查过程，以提高透明度和问责制。但是，需要确定在既定的国家报告和自愿同行审查过程之外实现这一目标的具体情况。建议建立“加速”机制和合规流程。同样，有必要定期审查实施进展情况，可能每两年或五年审查一次；

(p) There is general support for voluntary commitments from Parties and the private sector. However, the statements have been general and have not articulated what this would entail in practice;

（p）普遍支持缔约方和私营部门的自愿承诺。然而，这些声明是一般性的，并没有明确说明这在实践中意味着什么；

(q) The importance of developing a holistic resource mobilization strategy to mobilize resources from all sources was noted. Some also suggested that this strategy should incorporate an innovative financial mechanism. However, some expressed reservation regarding the role of the private sector in the implementation of the Convention;

（q）指出了制定一项整体资源调动战略以调动所有来源的资源的重要性。一些人还建议，这一战略应包括一个创新的金融机制。然而，一些代表对私营部门在执行《公约》中的作用表示保留；

(r) The post-2020 global biodiversity framework should have a coherent and comprehensive communication and outreach action plan to promote awareness of, and effective engagement in its implementation. This plan should encourage whole of societal engagement and reach beyond the biodiversity community;

（r）2020年后全球生物多样性框架应当有一个连贯和全面的沟通和外联行动计划，以促进对其执行的认识和有效参与。该计划应鼓励整个社会参与，并超越生物多样性界；

(s) The post-2020 global biodiversity framework should effectively incorporate gender considerations and the perspectives of indigenous peoples and local communities;

（s）2020年后全球生物多样性框架应有效地纳入性别考虑和土著人民和当地社区的观点；

(t) The post-2020 global biodiversity framework should have a focus on mainstreaming biodiversity within sectors and across society;

（t）2020年后全球生物多样性框架应侧重于将生物多样性纳入各部门和整个社会的主流；

(u) Various gaps in the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 have been identified. Some felt that these should be addressed in the post-2020 global biodiversity framework.

（u）已查明2011-2020年生物多样性战略计划中的各种差距。一些人认为，这些问题应在2020年后的全球生物多样性框架中加以解决。

IV. ISSUES AND QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION

四、讨论问题

10. Based on previous decision and submissions from Parties and observers, a number of issue areas are identified below. Some questions to stimulate further discussion are also provided.

10.根据先前的决议和缔约方和观察员的意见，下文确定了一些问题领域。此外，还提出了一些问题，以促进进一步的讨论。

A. Structure of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework

A.2020年后全球生物多样性框架的结构

11. Many submissions suggested that a structure or approach is needed to link the different elements of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework and to highlight the linkages between its different elements. In the submissions, several different possible models or approaches were proposed. Some of the suggested approaches have been a pyramid or tiered structure while others have suggested structures similar to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the current Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020.

Question: What could constitute an effective structure for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework, what should its different elements be, and how should they be organized?

11.许多提交文件建议，需要一种结构或方法来连接2020年后全球生物多样性框架的不同要素，并强调其不同要素之间的联系。在提交的文件中，提出了几种不同的可能模型或方法。一些建议的方法是金字塔或分层结构，而另一些建议的结构类似于2030年可持续发展议程和当前的生物多样性战略计划2011-2020。

问题：什么可以构成2020年后全球生物多样性框架的有效结构，它的不同要素应该是什么，它们应该如何组织？

B. Ambition of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework

B.2020年后全球生物多样性框架的目标

12. A general view is that the post-2020 global biodiversity framework should be ambitious and support the transformational changes needed to realize the 2050 Vision for Biodiversity. The post-2020 global biodiversity framework should serve as a universal framework for action on biodiversity and foster strong ownership and support for its implementation.

Question: In the context of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework, what would “ambitious” specifically mean?

12.一般认为，2020年后的全球生物多样性框架应雄心勃勃，支持实现2050年生物多样性愿景所需的变革。2020年后的全球生物多样性框架应作为生物多样性行动的通用框架，并为其实施提供强有力的所有权和支持。

问题：在2020年后全球生物多样性框架的背景下，“雄心勃勃”具体意味着什么？

C. 2050 Vision for Biodiversity

C.2050年生物多样性展望

13. Decision 14/2, sets out that the 2050 Vision “Living in harmony with nature” remains relevant and should be considered in the post-2020 global biodiversity framework. Further many submissions also indicated that the rationale for the 2050 Vision should be further developed and that a common and clear understanding of what reaching the 2050 Vision for Biodiversity entails in concrete terms needs to be developed.

Question: What, in real terms, does “living in harmony” with nature entail, what are the implications of this for the scope and content of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework and what actions are needed between now and 2050 to reach the 2050 Vision?

13.第14/2号决议规定，2050年“与自然和谐相处”的愿景仍然是相关的，应当在2020年后的全球生物多样性框架中加以考虑。此外，许多提交的文件还指出，应进一步发展2050年愿景的基本原理，需要在具体方面对实现2050年生物多样性愿景的共同和明确的理解。

问题：真正意义上，“与自然和谐共处”意味着什么，这对2020年后全球生物多样性框架的范围和内容有什么影响，从现在到2050年，需要采取什么行动来实现2050年的愿景？

D. Mission

D.任务

14. Decision 14/34 specifies that the post-2020 framework should be accompanied by an inspirational and motivating 2030 mission as a stepping stone towards the 2050 Vision “Living in harmony with nature”, and that it should be supported by a coherent, comprehensive and innovative communication strategy. The need for a clear definition of what the mission statement means in practice was noted in many submissions and different suggestions for its formulation have been submitted.

Question: What would be the elements and content of an actionable 2030 mission statement for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework?

14。第14/34号决议规定，2020年后框架应伴随一项鼓舞人心的和激励性的2030年使命，作为实现2050年“与自然和谐相处”愿景的垫脚石，并应以连贯、全面和创新的传播战略为支助。在许多提交的文件中指出，需要对任务说明在实践中的含义作出明确的定义，并已就其制定提出了不同的建议。

问题：2020年后全球生物多样性框架2030年行动使命声明的内容和内容是什么？

E. Biodiversity Targets

E.生物多样性目标

15. There is wide support for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework having a set of science- and knowledge-based “SMART” (specific, measurable, ambitious, realistic and time-bound) biodiversity targets for the period from 2021 to 2030. Several submissions noted that the Aichi Biodiversity Targets should be used as the basis for developing any new targets and that changes to these should be kept to a minimum. Alternatively, it was suggested that some “modernization” of the Aichi Targets might be required. Further, many submissions suggested possible new targets. Questions:

15。对2020年后全球生物多样性框架提供了广泛支持，该框架为2021年至2030年期间的一系列科学和知识型“SMART”（具体、可测量、雄心勃勃、现实和有时限的）生物多样性目标。几份提交文件指出，应将爱知生物多样性目标用作制定任何新目标的基础，并应将这些目标的变化保持在最低限度。或者，有人建议可能需要对爱知目标进行一些“现代化”。此外，许多提交的建议可能有新的目标。这里有一连串问题：

(a) What does “SMART” targets mean in practical terms?

（a）“SMART”目标在实际意义上是什么？

(b) How should the set of targets in the post-2020 global biodiversity framework relate to existing Aichi Biodiversity Targets?

（b）2020年后全球生物多样性框架中的一系列目标应如何与现有的爱知生物多样性目标相关？

(c) How should the set of targets in the post-2020 global biodiversity framework align with other global targets, including those adopted under the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development?

（c）2020年后全球生物多样性框架中的一系列目标应如何与其他全球目标（包括2030年可持续发展议程下通过的目标）保持一致？

F. Voluntary commitments and contributions

f.自愿承诺和捐款

16. Decision 14/34 invites Parties and other Governments to consider developing biodiversity commitments which contribute to an effective post-2020 global biodiversity framework and encourages indigenous peoples and local communities and all relevant organizations and stakeholders, including the private sector, to contribute to the Sharm El-Sheikh to Beijing Action Agenda for Nature and People. Several submissions also commented on the desirability of voluntary commitments. However, others felt that voluntary commitments, while providing useful impetus, may not directly lead the global community to scientifically supported goals and outcomes.

Question: What form should voluntary commitments for biodiversity take and how should these relate to or be reflected in the post-2020 global biodiversity framework?

16。第14/34号决议请各缔约方和其他政府考虑制定生物多样性承诺，以促进2020年后有效的全球生物多样性框架，并鼓励土著人民和当地社区以及所有相关组织和利益攸关方，包括私营部门，为沙姆沙伊赫作出贡献，以《北京自然与人民行动纲领》。一些提交文件还评论了自愿承诺的可取性。然而，其他人认为，自愿承诺虽然提供了有益的动力，但可能不会直接引导全球社会实现科学支持的目标和成果。

问题：对生物多样性的自愿承诺应采取何种形式，以及这些承诺应如何与2020年后全球生物多样性框架相关或反映在该框架中？

G. Relationship between the post-2020 global biodiversity framework and other relevant processes

G.2020年后全球生物多样性框架与其他相关进程之间的关系

17. Many submissions note that the post-2020 global biodiversity framework should be consistent with the commitments, frameworks, processes and plans established by the biodiversity related conventions and other multilateral environmental agreements. Similarly, the need for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework to be coherent with and supportive of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the Paris Agreement, the other two Rio conventions, the other biodiversity-related conventions, and FAO processes among other were frequently noted. A general view expressed in several submissions is that the post-2020 global biodiversity framework should be used to reinforce synergies within the United Nations System.

Question: How could a post-2020 global biodiversity framework help to ensure coherence, integration and a holistic approach to biodiversity governance and what are the implications for the scope and content of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework?

17。许多提交文件指出，2020年后的全球生物多样性框架应与生物多样性相关公约和其他多边环境协定制定的承诺、框架、进程和计划保持一致。同样，经常注意到2020年后全球生物多样性框架需要与2030年可持续发展议程、巴黎协定、其他两个里约公约（编者注：指气候变化公约、防治荒漠化公约）、其他生物多样性相关公约和粮农组织进程等保持一致并予以支持。几份提交文件中表达的一个总体观点是，应使用2020年后全球生物多样性框架加强联合国系统内的协同增效作用。

问题：2020年后全球生物多样性框架如何有助于确保生物多样性治理的一致性、整合和整体方法，以及对2020年后全球生物多样性框架的范围和内容有何影响？

H. Mainstreaming

h.主流化

18. Decision 14/3 recognized that mainstreaming is critical for achieving the objectives of the Convention, the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020, its Aichi Biodiversity Targets and the 2050 Vision for Biodiversity and should be one of the key elements of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework in order to achieve the transformational change required throughout society and economies, including changes in behaviour and decision-making at all levels. Further, in decisions 14/3 and XIII/3, several specific sectors were highlighted owing to their dependencies and impacts on biodiversity and areas for development of a long-term strategic approach to biodiversity mainstreaming were identified. Several submissions pointed to the need for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework to offer greater opportunities for the mainstreaming of biodiversity across society and to develop synergies with other processes. The need to have a post-2020 global biodiversity framework which generates buy-in from sectors that are reliant on, and have significant impact on, biodiversity was also noted in many submissions.

Question: How can the post-2020 global biodiversity framework incorporate or support the mainstreaming of biodiversity across society and economies at large?

18、第14/3号决议认识到主流化对于实现《公约》、《2011-2020年生物多样性战略计划》、其爱知生物多样性目标和2050年生物多样性愿景的目标至关重要，应当是2020年后全球生物多样性框架的关键要素之一，以实现整个社会和经济所需的变革，包括各级行为和决策的变化。此外，在第14/3号和第XIII/3号决议中，由于几个具体部门对生物多样性的依赖性和影响，以及开发生物多样性主流化长期战略方法的领域，这些部门得到了强调。几份提交的文件指出，有必要建立2020年后的全球生物多样性框架，以便为全社会生物多样性主流化提供更多机会，并与其他进程形成协同效应。在许多提交的文件中还指出，需要建立2020年后的全球生物多样性框架，该框架从依赖生物多样性并对生物多样性产生重大影响的部门获得投资。

问题：2020年后的全球生物多样性框架如何将生物多样性纳入或支持整个社会和经济的主流化？

I. Relationship with the current Strategic Plan

I. 与当前战略计划的关系

19. Many submissions note that the post-2020 global biodiversity framework should build from the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020.

Question: What are the lessons learned from the implementation of the current Strategic Plan? And how can the transition from the current decade to the post-2020 framework avoid further delays in implementation and where should additional attention be focused?

19、许多提交文件指出，2020年后全球生物多样性框架应根据《2011-2020年生物多样性战略计划》建立。

问题：从实施当前战略计划中吸取了什么教训？如何从当前十年过渡到2020年后框架，以避免进一步推迟实施，以及应在何处集中更多的注意力？

K. Indicators

K.指标

20. The importance of identifying indicators for the different elements of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework was noted in many submissions. Most suggested that the starting point for indicators should be the indicators developed for the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 noted in decision XIII/28. The indicators used in the IPBES global assessment were also suggested. The need for indicators which could be used at the global and regional level was also noted.

Question: What indicators, in addition to those already identified in decision XIII/28, are needed to monitor progress in the implementation of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework at the national, regional and global scales?

20。在许多提交的文件中指出了确定2020年后全球生物多样性框架不同要素指标的重要性。大多数人建议，指标的起点应是第XIII/28号决议中指出的为2011-2020年生物多样性战略计划制定的指标。还提出了IPBES全球评估中使用的指标。还注意到需要在全球和区域一级使用指标。

问题：除了第XIII/28号决议中已确定的指标外，还需要哪些指标来监测在国家、区域和全球范围内实施2020年后全球生物多样性框架的进展情况？

L. Implementation and NBSAPs

l.实施和NBSAPS

21. Many submissions noted the need to emphasize implementation in the post-2020 global biodiversity framework. The continued relevance of the NBSAPs for implementing the Convention was emphasized; however, many submissions also noted that the NBSAP process needs to be strengthened and accountability enhanced. Further many submissions noted the need for additional mechanisms to support implementation. Question: How can the effectiveness and implementation of the NBSAPs be strengthened, what additional mechanisms or tools, if any, are required to support implementation of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework and how should these be reflected in the framework?

21、许多提交文件指出，有必要强调2020年后全球生物多样性框架的实施。强调了国家生物多样性保护战略与行动计划（NBSAPS）在执行《公约》方面的持续相关性；但是，许多提交文件还指出，需要加强NBSAPS的进程，加强问责制。此外，许多提交文件指出，需要建立额外的机制来支持实施。问题：如何加强国家生物多样性保护计划的有效性和实施，需要哪些额外的机制或工具（如有）来支持2020年后全球生物多样性框架的实施，这些机制或工具应如何反映在框架中？

M. Resource mobilization

M.资源调动

22. Decision 14/22 affirms that resource mobilization will be an integral part of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework and decided to initiate preparations on this component at an early stage in the process of developing the framework, in full coherence and coordination with the overall process for the post-2020 framework. Further the decision also tasked an expert panel to undertake a number of activities, and to prepare reports, to contribute to the overall process for the post-2020 framework. The importance of resource mobilization, has also been underlined in many of the submissions.

Question: How should the post-2020 global biodiversity framework address resource mobilization and what implications does this have for the scope and content of the framework?

22。第14/22号决议确认资源调动将是2020年后全球生物多样性框架的一个组成部分，并决议在制定框架的早期阶段就这一组成部分开展筹备工作，与2020年后框架的整个进程充分协调一致。此外，该决议还指派了一个专家小组开展一些活动，并编写报告，为2020年后框架的总体进程作出贡献。在许多提交的文件中也强调了资源调动的重要性。

问题：2020年后全球生物多样性框架应如何解决资源调动问题，这对框架的范围和内容有何影响？

N. Financial mechanisms

n.财务机制

23. Decision 14/23 welcomes the successful conclusion of the seventh replenishment of the Global Environment Facility Trust Fund and expresses appreciation for the continuing financial support from Parties and Governments for carrying out the tasks under the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 in its remaining years, and for supporting the implementation of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework in its first two years.

Question: How can the Global Environment Facility support the timely provision of financial resources to assist eligible Parties in implementing the post-2020 global biodiversity framework?

23。第14/23号决议欢迎第七次补充全球环境基金信托基金的成功结束，并赞赏各缔约方和各国政府继续提供财政支助，在其剩余年份执行《2011-2020年生物多样性战略计划》下的各项任务，并支持实施2020年后全球生物多样性框架最初两年的制定。

问题：全球环境基金如何支持及时提供财政资源，以协助合格缔约方实施2020年后全球生物多样性框架？

O. Review process

o.审查过程

24. The need for an effective and timely review process for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework was noted in many submissions. In this respect, the continued importance of the national reports and the clearing-house mechanism of the Convention were highlighted. However, the need for more effective, robust and accountable national reporting was also highlighted. In addition, many submissions suggested additional mechanisms for reviewing progress in implementation and for building accountability and transparency.

Question: What additional mechanisms, if any, are required to support the review of implementation of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework and how should these be integrated into the framework?

24、许多提交的文件指出，需要为2020年后全球生物多样性框架制定一个有效和及时的审查程序。在这方面，强调了《公约》国家报告和结算所机制的持续重要性。然而，还强调需要更有效、更有力和更负责任的国家报告。此外，许多提交的文件还提出了审查执行进度和建立问责制和透明度的其他机制。

问题：需要哪些额外机制（如有）来支持对2020年后全球生物多样性框架实施情况的审查，以及如何将这些机制纳入框架？

[编者推荐阅读：大数据、区块链与人工智能：自然保护的新未来 | Balakrishna Pisupati建言2020后生物多样性保护]

P. Relationship between the Convention and the Protocols

p.《生物多样性公约》》与其议定书们的关系

25. Decision CP-9/7 provides that biosafety should be reflected in the post-2020 global biodiversity framework and sets out steps towards the preparation of the biosafety component of the post-2020 framework. The decision also sets out a process for developing a specific Implementation Plan for the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety as a follow-up to the Strategic Plan for the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety for the period 2011-2020

Question: What are the issues associated with biosafety under the Convention and what are the implications for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework?

25、第CP-9/7号决议规定，生物安全应反映在2020年后的全球生物多样性框架中，并规定了制定2020年后框架生物安全组成部分的步骤。该决议还规定了制定《卡塔赫纳生物安全议定书》具体实施计划的过程，作为《卡塔赫纳生物安全议定书2011-2020年战略计划》的后续行动。

问题：根据公约，与生物安全有关的问题是什么？对2020年后全球生物多样性框架的影响是什么？

26. Access and benefit-sharing is one of the three objectives of the Convention. Decision 14/31 and decision NP-3/15 specify that issues related to access and benefit sharing and the Nagoya Protocol should be considered in the development of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework. Question: What are the issues associated with access and benefit-sharing under the Convention and what are the implications for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework?

26。准入和利益分享是《公约》的三个目标之一。第14/31号决议和第NP-3/15号决议规定，在制定2020年后全球生物多样性框架时，应考虑与获取和利益分享以及名古屋议定书有关的问题。问题：根据《公约》，与获取和利益分享相关的问题是什么？2020年后全球生物多样性框架的影响是什么？

Q. Integrating diverse perspectives

q.整合不同的观点

27. Many submissions noted that the development and implementation of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework will require a “whole of society approach”. The need to have greater involvement of some specific groups was repeatedly emphasized in the submissions, including:

27。许多提交文件指出，制定和实施2020年后全球生物多样性框架将需要“全社会办法”。在提交的文件中反复强调需要更多地参与某些特定群体，包括：

(a) Indigenous peoples and local communities: the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity, in decision 14/34, requested the Ad Hoc Open-ended Working Group on Article 8(j) and Related Provisions to provide recommendations concerning the potential role of traditional knowledge, customary sustainable use and the contribution of the collective actions of indigenous peoples and local communities to the post-2020 global biodiversity framework, in support of the work of the open-ended intersessional working group. The continued role of indigenous peoples and local communities and the importance of traditional and local knowledge in the post-2020 global biodiversity framework was also noted in several submissions. Question: How can the post-2020 global biodiversity framework facilitate the involvement of indigenous peoples and local communities and support the integration of traditional knowledge as a cross-cutting issue?

（a）土著人民和当地社区：《生物多样性公约》缔约方会议第14/34号决议请不限成员名额特设工作组就第8（j）条和有关规定提供关于传统知识、习惯性可持续利用和贡献的潜在作用的建议。将土著人民和当地社区的集体行动纳入2020年后全球生物多样性框架，以支持不限成员名额闭会期间工作组的工作。一些提交的文件还指出了土著人民和当地社区的持续作用以及传统和当地知识在2020年后全球生物多样性框架中的重要性。问题：2020年后的全球生物多样性框架如何促进土著人民和当地社区的参与，并支持将传统知识整合为一个跨领域的问题？

(b) Women and gender: decision 14/34 specifies that the process for developing the post-2020 global biodiversity framework will be gender-responsive by systematically integrating a gender perspective.

Question: How should gender issues be reflected in the scope and content of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework?

（b）妇女和性别问题：第14/34号决议规定，通过系统地整合性别观点，制定2020年后全球生物多样性框架的过程将符合性别要求。

问题：2020年后全球生物多样性框架的范围和内容应如何反映性别问题？

(c) Subnational governments, cities and other local authorities: it was observed that subnational governments, cities and other local authorities have an important role to play in on-the-ground implementation of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework and that this needs to be recognized.

Question: How should issues related to subnational governments, cities and other local authorities be reflected in the scope and content of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework?

（c）地方各级政府、城市和其他地方当局：据观察，地方各级政府、城市和其他地方当局在实施2020年后全球生物多样性框架方面发挥着重要作用，需要予以承认。

问题：如何在2020年后全球生物多样性框架的范围和内容中反映与地方政府、城市和其他地方当局有关的问题？

(d) Civil society: the need to enhance the participation, at the national, regional and international levels, of civil society in the post-2020 process was noted.

Question: How can the post-2020 global biodiversity framework facilitate the involvement of civil society in the development and implementation of the framework?

（d）民间社会：注意到有必要在国家、区域和国际各级加强民间社会在2020年后进程中的参与。

问题：2020年后全球生物多样性框架如何促进民间社会参与框架的制定和实施？

(e) Youth: the need to promote youth participation in the development and implementation of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework was noted.

Question: How can the post-2020 global biodiversity framework facilitate the involvement of youth in the development and implementation of the framework?

（e）青年：注意到有必要促进青年参与制定和执行2020年后全球生物多样性框架。

问题：2020年后全球生物多样性框架如何促进青年参与框架的制定和实施？

(f) Private sector: it was suggested in several submissions that there is a need for greater involvement of the private sector in biodiversity issues.

Question: How should issues related to the engagement of the private sector be reflected in the scope and content of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework?

（f）私营部门：在几份提交文件中建议私营部门需要更多地参与生物多样性问题。

问题：与私营部门参与有关的问题应如何反映在2020年后全球生物多样性框架的范围和内容中？

28. As noted above, many of the submissions have expressed a desire to integrate multiple and diverse perspectives in the post-2020 global biodiversity framework. As also noted above, some of the submissions have given particular attention to specific groups which should be involved and reflected in the post-2020 global biodiversity framework.

Question: How should the post-2020 global biodiversity framework reflect diverse and multiple perspectives?

28。如上所述，许多提交的文件都表示希望在2020年后的全球生物多样性框架中整合多种多样的观点。如上文所述，一些提交文件特别关注了应参与并反映在2020年后全球生物多样性框架中的特定群体。

问题：2020年后的全球生物多样性框架应如何反映多样性和多样性的观点？

R. Communication and outreach

R.沟通和外联

29. Decision 14/34 specifies that the post-2020 framework should be supported by a coherent, comprehensive and innovative communication strategy. In addition, the need for effective, coherent, comprehensive and targeted communication, both during the development of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework and after its adoption, as well as the importance of ensuring that the framework can be easily communicated, were noted in many submissions.

Question: How should the post-2020 global biodiversity framework address issues related to communication and awareness and how can the next two years be used to enhance and support the communication strategy adopted at the thirteenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity to ensure an appropriate level of awareness?

29。第14/34号决议规定，2020年后框架应得到连贯、全面和创新的传播战略的支持。此外，许多提交的文件都指出，在制定2020年后全球生物多样性框架期间及其通过后，需要进行有效、一致、全面和有针对性的交流，以及确保框架易于交流的重要性。

问题：2020年后全球生物多样性框架应如何处理与传播和认识有关的问题，以及如何利用未来两年加强和支持生物多样性公约缔约方大会第十三次会议（CBD COP13）通过的传播战略，以确保适当的意识？

【注】本文件的原文参见：

https://www.cbd.int/doc/c/d431/b38f/3d580bb73e7c2b5aaa286310/post2020-prep-01-01-en.pdf

如转载双语版本文，请务必注明来自“中国绿发会”