Professor Jiang Gaoming's Scientific Experiment of Hongyi Ecological Farm |Biodiversity Conservation in Our Neighborhoods Case-013
2022/5/13 18:45:00 本站

#Construction of ecological civilization#

 

scientific hypothesis

 

At present, various agricultural scientific and technological inventions used by human beings only emphasize their advantages when promoting them, and try to mention as little, not mention or even cover up their negative effects. In the long run, the negative effects of various technologies, especially the chemicals used, will accumulate more than their positive effects, causing many serious problems, such as environmental pollution, increased greenhouse gas emissions, food chain pollution, farmland acidification and degradation, and biodiversity decline. Or disappear, traditionally cultivated or domesticated species disappear, frequent pests and weeds, farmland productivity declines, more and more hospital patients, and so on. There are 50,626 kinds of chemical substances invented by humans around the food chain, taking China as an example.

 

long-term experimental design

 

In order to test the above hypothesis, we stopped 50,626 chemical substances (do not use pesticides, chemical fertilizers, herbicides, mulching films, synthetic hormones, and genetically modified seeds) to curb their superimposed negative effects; Field return, physical + biological control of pests, artificial + mechanical control of weeds, disease prevention and ecological control; mechanical farming and water irrigation are retained, deep ploughing of soil, sowing of wheat and corn, and simultaneous development of soybeans, mung beans, vegetables, apples, etc.. The experiment was implemented in June 2006, and has been observed continuously for 15 years. It is an experiment started on the basis of low-yield fields.

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experimental method

 

1) Convert straw into feed: independently develop large-scale rain-shading sub-chamber silage tanks, and process 1500t of "micro-stored fresh straw" every year

 

2) Pest control: pest control physical + biological methods, that is, control overwintering pests by pulsed insecticidal lamps, chickens, natural enemy insects, wild birds, and artificial weeding

 

3) Weed control: manual + mechanical weeding; isolation belts combined with trees, shrubs and grasses are used to physically block grass seeds; orchard "grass control"

 

4) Organic compost: 75t/ha decomposed organic fertilizer is returned to the field to ensure yield and soil fertility recovery

 

5) Product processing and sales: the combination of micro-store and offline, high-end and ordinary products

 

Experimental results

 

Ecological Benefits:

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1) The proportion of straw used for feed increased from 1% to 62.5%, while the proportion of straw discarded and burned in the field decreased to 9.2% and 9.8%, respectively

 

2) Organic matter increased from 0.7% to 4.71%; the number of earthworms in organic orchards was 317/m2, while that in ordinary orchards was only 16/m2

 

3) Completely bid farewell to pesticides, and the average annual catch of traps for 7 consecutive years (2009-2015) dropped from 33 kg in 2009 to 2.6 kg in 2015, a decrease of 92%

 

4) Successfully reversed traditional greenhouse gas emissions into net absorption, and realized the carbon sequestration potential of arable land of 11.5 tons CO2 equivalent/year/ha

 

Economic benefits:

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1) Since 2011, it has successfully transformed low-yield fields into high-yield and stable-yield tons of grain fields (annual output of wheat and corn)

 

2) In 2015, the annual output of Hongyi Ecological Farm was 2,324 jin/mu of corn and wheat, 807 jin/mu of spring peanuts, 433 jin/mu of summer soybeans, and 9,126 jin/mu of apples, all higher than the output of the surrounding villagers; the 2020 wheat season broke through 1400 jin/mu mark

 

3) It has won the favor of consumers in big cities such as Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. At present, the relatively stable membership of Hony Farm has increased to 8,000, and it is increasing at a rate of 100-150 per month

 

Social benefits:

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1) It has a great driving effect on the local farmers. Now the branch secretary and other village cadres and about 167 villagers (accounting for 63% of the total number of households in the village) have voluntarily joined the Hony production system.

 

2) Drive entrepreneurs, farmers and soldiers in Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Guangdong, and a base of the General Armament Department of the Chinese People's Liberation Army to engage in organic agriculture, fully demonstrating the role of scientific research and demonstration, and accumulatively promoting organic farming throughout the country Agricultural (grass) industry area is about 550,000 mu

 

3) Over the past 15 years since the experiment was carried out, relying on the scientific experiment of Hongyi Ecological Farm, it applied for the special fund of the Ministry of Environmental Protection for "replacing governance with awards" for rural sewage treatment, and the special fund for the basic transformation of farmland of the government's development office. Road tolls and solar trap lights, etc., up to 11 million yuan

 

4) The average income of cooperative farmers is 100,000 yuan, and some incomes have achieved 200,000 yuan per household, and the driving effect of science and technology is significant

 

references

 

Jiang Gaoming, Zheng Yanhai, Wu Guanglei, Liu Hui, Chi Yunhua, Feng Sufei, Li Yong, Li Caihong, Li Zongfeng, Su Benying, Dong Qun, Wu Yuntana, LUCAS Mario, LEFORT Zoe, REGOLINI Margot, Zeng Xiangwei, He Xinhua, Guo Liyue, Zhan Lijie, Tang Hailong, Wei Jiguang, Zhou Ping, Zeng Yan, Yang Yu, Song Shoukuan, Liu Xiu, Zhen Zhen, Liu Haitao, Meng Jie, Li Jing, Li Xiao, Li Zhan, Ding Na, Bo Wenjing, Cheng Da, Liang Xiaotian, Xu Lei, Gu Xian, Song Yanjie, MUMINOV A. Mahmud, Liu Binyang, He Xiaoxia, Liu Meizhen, Ning Tangyuan, Wang Air Force, Xu Yuxin, Chen Wenhao. 2017. Efficient ecological agriculture model with win-win yield and economic benefits: using Example of Hongyi Ecological Farm. Science Bulletin, 62: 289-297.

 

Liu Haitao, Jie Meng, Wenjing Bo, Da Cheng, Yong Li, Liyue Guo, Caihong Li, Yanhai Zheng, Meizhen Liu, Tangyuan Ning, Guanglei Wu, Xiaofan Yu, Sufei Feng, Tana Wuyun, Jing Li, Lijun Li, Yan Zeng , Shi V. Liu, Gaoming Jiang. 2016. Biodiversity management of organic farming enhances agricultural sustainability. Scientific Reports, 6:23816

 

Liu Haitao, Li Jing, Li Xiao, Zheng Yanhai, Feng Sufei and Jiang Gaoming (2015). Mitigating greenhouse gases emissions through replacement of chemical fertilizer with organic manure in a temperate farmland. Science Bulletin, 60(6): 598-606.

 

Guo Liyue, Guanglei Wu, Yong Li, Caihong Li, Wenjing Liu, Jie Meng, Haitao Liu, Xiaofan Yu, Gaoming Jiang. 2016. Effects of cattle manure compost combined with chemical fertilizer on topsoil organic matter, bulk density and earthworm activity in a wheat-maize rotation system in Eastern China. Soil & tillage research, 156 (2): 140–147.

 

Guo LY, Muminov MA, Wu GL, Liang XT, Li CH, Meng J, Li LJ, Cheng D, Song YJ, Gu X, Zhao JS, Jiang GM*. 2018. Large reductions in pesticides made possible by use of an insect -trapping lamp: A case study in a winter wheat-summer maize rotation system. Pest Manag. Sci., 74: 1728-1735.

 

 

(This article is a case of Neighborhood Biodiversity Conservation (BCON-013))

 

 Biodiversity Conservation in Our Neighborhoods (BCON13) Case aims to promote the effective conservation of biodiversity in areas with intensive human activities, taking into account both conservation and development, and synergizing sustainable livelihoods and biodiversity conservation. Traditional biodiversity protection is mainly carried out in deep mountains, natural wilderness, and nature reserves. Although this kind of land-based protection is very important, current efforts are far from enough to reverse the global trend of rapid loss of biodiversity. Conserving biodiversity requires innovative thinking. Due to the expansion of human living range, it is extremely important to study how to effectively carry out biodiversity conservation in population gathering areas.

 

 

Original Chinese Article:https://homest.org.cn/article/detail?id=5663055

Translator: Lucy

Editor: Maggie

Contact the editors: v10@cbcgdf.org;  +8617319454776

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