Since September 2020, the Yellow River Ecological Investigation Team formed by CBCGDF and Guiyang Public Environmental Education Center, has visited twice the whole basin from yueguzong liequ, the source of the Yellow River in Qinghai Province, to Dongying estuary in Shandong Province. The investigation team found four typical problems in the Yellow River ecological environment, formed a proposal letter and submitted it to the Law Committee of National People's Congress. We hope that these problems will be given full attention and solutions in the legislative work of the Yellow River protection, so as to help promote the overall protection of the Yellow River.
Four Typical Problems:
1、The main river channel of the Yellow River passes through 30 canyons, among which 28 in the upper reaches and 2 in the middle reaches all belong to the Ecological Vulnerable Zone. The serious soil erosion in the valley mountain area is the main source of the Yellow River sediment. Because of the lack of provisions in current laws that are strictly prohibited from mining and sand mining within a certain range from the main river channel of the Yellow River, there are still a large number of coal mines, non-coal mines and sand quarries within 3 km of both sides of the canyon. A large number of production wastewater and sediment are discharged directly into the Yellow River with rainwater, which increases the sediment and water pollution of the Yellow River. If the present situation of man-made soil erosion in mountain canyon on both sides of the main river channel of the Yellow River cannot be controlled, the harm of the Yellow River sediment to the downstream will exist for a long time.
2、 According to the Law of the People's Republic of China on Water and the Law of the People's Republic of China on flood control law, it is forbidden to plant trees and tall crops that hinder flood discharge in river courses with dykes. The local government should organize the residents living in the flood channel to relocate in a planned way. However, the fact is: From Zhongning County in Ningxia to Tuoketuo County in Inner Mongolia, Ningxia plain and Hetao area reach the boundary of the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River; From Longmen at the junction of Shanxi and Shaanxi, Xiaobei section of the Yellow River in Shanxi to Sanmenxia City in Henan Province; From Zhengzhou City, Henan Province to Dongying City, Shandong Province, there are tens of millions of mu farmland in the Yellow River levee, planting corn, sunflower, wheat and other high stem crops; From Kaifeng City in Henan Province to Dongying City in Shandong Province, the Yellow River has become a suspended river on the ground. Between the Yellow River dike and the small dike, there are not only farmland and shelter forest, but also many towns and villages.
On both sides of the main river in the above six provinces and autonomous regions, people have lived and cultivated here for generations, and most of the river reaches have cultivated land first and then built dikes. If it is implemented according to relevant laws, tens of millions of mu of farmland will be abandoned and massive migration will happen. If it is not implemented, there are laws but little observation of them.
3、The upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River are important energy bases in China. Due to the defects in the previous industrial planning and layout, there are many high energy consuming and heavy pollution enterprises, such as coal mine, coal chemical industry, coking, aluminum chemical industry, steel, power generation and ceramic production, from guide County, Ningxia Zhongwei city to the main river above Sanmenxia Dam of the Yellow River. These enterprises are built on the bank less than 200 meters away from the main channel of the Yellow River. Many industrial parks suffer from continuous non-point source pollution and sudden industrial pollution caused by poor safety production. These water-facing enterprises not only cause difficulties for supervision of ecological and environmental departments, but also pose a certain threat to the water quality safety of the Yellow River and the health of the people around the enterprises.
4、 After investigations, it is found that from Qingtongxia dam in Ningxia to toketo County, Inner Mongolia, due to Different degrees of sediment deposition occurred in the plain reach of nearly 1000 km long, which caused great hidden danger to flood control and discharge. The Yellow River Committee is required to dispatch the upstream dam to transfer water and sediment to reduce the sediment deposition in the upstream main river.
Solutions and Suggestions:
The above four typical problems involve the production and living problems of enterprises, farmers and enterprise employees. The Yellow River protection has been listed in the national development strategy. Under the premise of both protection and development, the key is to formulate a yellow river protection law which is in line with the actual situation of the Yellow River which has no conflict with the upper law, so that the Yellow River protection can be avoided oversimplification and in accordance with the law.
It is suggested that experts and scholars participating in the formulation of the Yellow River Protection Law, under the leadership of the law committee of the National People's Congress, to form a legislative research group to conduct legislative research in the provinces and river reach listed in the proposal, and listen to the opinions of local water conservancy, agricultural and rural areas, natural resources and ecological environment grassroots supervision and law enforcement departments, jointly doing a good job in legislation of the Yellow River Protection Law. At the same time, it is suggested that the protection provisions of the lower reaches of the Yellow River should be added to the draft law on the protection of the Yellow River.
Translator/Holly
original text: https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/3q7Ja9_nzsQ8fwNDoMcsgw
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